OVERVIEW:

The conflict over Moses (7:1-8:11); the conflict over Abraham (8:12-59); the conflict over Christ’s Sonship (9:1-10:42).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

As we continue seeking to get our bearings in John’s Gospel, and seeing how it relates to the other Gospel accounts, there is plenty to glean just by observing the introductory genealogy in each of the books.

Because Matthew presents Christ as the King of the Jews, Christ’s genealogy in this Gospel runs through David, back to Abraham. (Matthew 1:1)

Because Mark presents Christ as the Servant of the Lord, the significant thing about Mark’s genealogy is that there is none! A servant’s genealogy is insignificant! His significance is determined by what he does (i.e. His work).

Because Luke presents Christ as the Son of Man, His genealogy is traced in his Gospel through His human mother back to the first man.

Because John presents Christ as the Son of God, Christ’s genealogy in this Gospel takes us back to the very “beginning” (John 1:1; Genesis 1:1), to show Christ’s deity (that He is, in fact, God and very God), and the fact that the Lord Jesus Christ has always eternally existed in the Godhead. There has never been a time that Christ didn’t exist, and there has never been a time that He wasn’t God and completely co-equal with the Father. (Hebrews 1:8; Philippians 2:6)

Today’s reading is absolutely jam-packed with irrefutable biblical evidence that Jesus Christ is God. One of the key arguments Jehovah’s False Witnesses assert is that Jesus never actually claimed to be God. All I can say is, how do you spell “BLIND”?!!! (1^st Corinthians 4:4)

Familiarize yourself with John 8:12-57 before we take just a second to comment on Jesus’ statement in verse 58: “Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am.” Do you understand what is happening here? Jesus was declaring to the Pharisees (and to the whole world!) that He is God, using the same name for HIMSELF that Jehovah Himself used when He revealed HIMSELF to Moses in Exodus 3:14! Jesus is claiming here that He is none other than the Great “I AM”!!! Listen, there is absolutely nothing that Jesus could have said that would have been a stronger claim of deity than that! Notice that Jesus didn’t say, “Before Abraham was, I WAS.” Jesus is not simply claiming here that He existed before His physical birth. He uses the term “I AM” to show that He was not only “A god”, but “THE God”, “JEHOVAH GOD”!!!

Be it known, that this is not simply “my interpretation”, or “one way of interpreting the meaning of the verse”! That this verse is specifically teaching that Christ is, in fact, Jehovah God is made abundantly clear by the response of the Pharisees in the very next verse (verse 59)! They understood exactly what Jesus was claiming! That’s why they “took up stones to cast at him.” Stoning, according to Leviticus 24:16, was the penalty for blasphemy! They wanted to stone Him because He claimed to be God!

The same exact thing happens in chapter 10, verses 22-33. Jesus makes His absolute claim of deity in verse 30 (again, how totally ludicrous to say that Jesus never claimed to be God!), stating, “I and my Father are one.” The Jehovah’s False Witnesses can claim all they want that Jesus’ statement here doesn’t mean that He was claiming deity, but the passage teaches otherwise! Again, those who were listening to Jesus in John 10 understood exactly what Jesus meant by what He said, evidenced by their reaction to it! In verse 31, they “took up stones again to stone him,” because that was the Old Testament penalty for blasphemy! Jesus even forced them to identify exactly why they were responding in such a manner so there would never ever be a question about His claim: “Jesus answered them, Many good works have I showed you from my Father; for which of those works do ye stone me? The Jews answered him, saying, For a good work we stone thee not; but for blasphemy; and because that thou, being a man, makest thyself God.” (10:32-33)

There is no doubt about it, Jesus Christ IS God, and clearly CLAIMED to be God!

OVERVIEW:

Christ and the Jewish leaders (5:1-47); Christ and the multitudes (6:1-71); the conflict over Moses (7:1-8:11).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

As we saw in yesterday’s comments, John clearly identifies in chapter 20, verse 30 and 31, that the purpose of this Gospel was to reveal the signs Christ gave during His earthly ministry to prove His deity, so that the gift of life, both eternal and abundant (John 10:10), can be ours.

It is important to know that the first three Gospels have been referred to historically as the “Synoptic Gospels.” The word “synoptic” comes from a Greek word meaning “to see together”. These three books, as we have seen, cover the same basic material. Over 90 percent of the material covered in John’s Gospel, however, is not covered in Matthew, Mark, and Luke. While these first three Gospels deal primarily with the “events” in the life of Christ, John deals primarily with the “meaning” of these events. Perhaps the clearest example is the feeding of the 5000. While all four gospels record the event, only John follows the miracle with the sermon of Christ being the “Bread of Life” (John 6), which provides the explanation of the miracle.

But not only does John emphasize the MEANING of the events in the life of Christ, He also emphasizes the PERSON of Christ. John records key sermons that Jesus preached in which He identified WHO He is, and WHAT He came to the earth to do. It is significant that in John’s coverage of these sermons, John records the seven “I AM” declarations of Christ. “I AM” is significant in the fact that it was the name Jehovah God used to reveal who He was to Moses in Exodus 3:14. As we have noted on previous occasions, seven in the Bible is the number of “perfection” and/or “completion”. Remember, John’s purpose in this Gospel is to reveal that Christ is “perfectly” and “completely” God! (20:30-31)

1. I AM the Bread of Life. (6:35, 41 ,48, 51)
2. I AM the Light of the World. (8:12; 9:5)
3. I AM the Door of the Sheep. (10:7, 9)
4. I AM the Good Shepherd. (10:11, 14)
5. I AM the Resurrection and the Life. (11:25)
6. I AM the Way, the Truth, the Life. (14:6)
7. I AM the True Vine. (15:1, 5)

Be sure to note that there are other occasions in John’s Gospel when Jesus refers to Himself as the “I Am” in reference to His deity (4:26; 8:28, 58; 13:19; 18:5, 6, 8), but the seven listed above are unique in that they are not only descriptive of His deity, but of how He, as God, provides life. (20:30-31)

Another very distinct, unique, and interesting quality of John’s Gospel is that of the many miracles Christ performed, John chose (under the inspiration of the Holy Ghost, of course) to record seven. In keeping with his purpose in everything that he recorded in this Gospel (20:31), these seven were specifically chosen to reveal that “Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God”. Not only, however, were these miracles specifically chosen, but they are revealed in a very specific order because they form a “perfect” and “complete” picture of salvation.

• The first three show the MEANS of salvation:

1. Water into wine (2:1-11) – Salvation is by the WORD of GOD.
2. Healing the nobleman’s son (4:46-54) – Salvation is by FAITH.
3. Healing the paralyzed man (5:1-9) – Salvation is by GRACE.

• The fourth miracle stands by itself to teach that dedicated disciples must give the Bread of Life to lost sinners.

• Feeding the 5000 (6:1-14) – Salvation is brought to the world by HUMAN MEANS.

• The last three show the RESULTS of salvation:

• Calming the storm (6:15-21) – Salvation brings PEACE.
• Healing the blind man (9:1-7) – Salvation brings LIGHT.
• Raising of Lazarus (11:38-45) – Salvation brings LIFE.

It is also significant to note that each of these seven miracles introduce the discourse that followed. For example: the discourse with Nicodemus was the direct result of the miracles that Nicodemus had witnessed. (3:2) The healing of the paralyzed man (5:1-9) led to the discourse in 5:10-47. The feeding of the 5000 was the backdrop of the discourse concerning the Bread of Life in 6:1-59. The healing of the blind man in 9:34, that led to him being cast out, is what led to the discourse concerning Christ being the Good Shepherd Who never casts out anyone (10:1-41).

As we did for each of the other gospels, the following will provide an overall analysis of the Gospel of John:

1. Information About the Author.
2. His name: John.
3. His name means “Jehovah (The Lord) is a gracious giver”.
4. He is referred to in scripture as the disciple whom Jesus loves. (John 21:20-24)
5. His father’s name is Zebedee. (Matthew 4:21)
6. He has a brother named James. (Matthew 4:21)
7. He was intolerant of others. (Luke 9:49-56)
8. He is one of the two “sons of thunder”. (Mark 3:17)
9. His initial ministry was limited to Jews. (Galatians 2:9)
10. He was exiled to an island called Patmos. (Revelation 1:9)
11. He also wrote the Books of 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd John, and Revelation.

2. Facts About This Gospel.

• Approximate date of writing: 85-90 A.D.
• Written from Ephesus
• Dates of recorded events: 26 A.D. – 33 A.D.
• Theme: Deity of Christ
• Christ is seen as the Son of God
• Key verse: John 20:31
• Key word: Believe (99 times)
• Chapters: 21; Verses: 879; Words: 19,973

3. Features Of This Gospel.

• This is the Gospel that identifies Christ as the Son of God more than any other.
• This is the Gospel that has the least number of events recorded.
• This Gospel contains 15 fulfilled prophecies.

4. Simple Outline of This Gospel—Three Witnesses:

• Witness #1 – The Witness of Jesus’ Words and Works. (Chapters 1-12)
• Witness #2 – The Witness to His Witnesses. (Chapters 13-17)
• Witness #3 – The Witness to the World. (Chapters 18-21)

OVERVIEW:

Christ is the Word (1:1-3, 14); Christ is the Light (1:4-13); Christ is the Son of God (1:15-18, 30-34, 49); Christ is the Messiah (1:19-28, 35-42); Christ is the Lamb of God (1:29, 35-36); Christ is the King of Israel (1:43-49); Christ is the Son of Man (1:50- 51); Christ and the disciples (1:9-2:12); Christ and the Jews (2:13- 3:36); Christ and the Samaritans (4:1-54).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

We have come to the fourth and final of the Gospels, the Gospel of John. One of the obvious questions that surfaces in every generation of believers is, why are there four Gospels and not just one? Certainly, the easiest answer is the simple fact that God wanted it that way! That’s good enough for me, but perhaps we can site three very basic reasons why God wanted it that way:

1. The Practical Reason.

If you were a police officer investigating an accident at an intersection and had found four people who had witnessed the accident from the four different corners of the scene, it would provide you with all the information you would need to prove conclusively what had actually taken place. The four Gospel accounts allow us to do likewise.

2. The Presentational Reason.

As we have seen, each Gospel is written to a particular audience with a very particular way of presenting who Jesus Christ is. We saw that Matthew was written to the Jews to present Jesus Christ as the King of the Jews. Mark was written to the Gentiles (perhaps more specifically, the Romans) to present Jesus Christ as the Servant of the Lord. Luke was written to the Greeks to present Jesus Christ as the Son of Man. John is written to the world to present Jesus Christ as the Son of God. It is interesting to note that the word “world” is found 59 times in this book (almost one-fourth of the times it is found in the entire Bible!) John wants every tribe, tongue, people and nation of the world to hear and understand that Jesus Christ is the Messiah, God in human flesh, and is the source and meaning of life. In fact, when John comes to the end of his Gospel he declares that very calculated two-fold purpose: “And many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book: But these are written, that ye MIGHT BELIEVE that Jesus is the Christ (i.e. the “anointed,” the Messiah), the Son of God (i.e. God in a human body); and that believing ye MIGHT HAVE LIFE through his name.” (20:30-31)

In presenting this Gospel to the world, keep in mind that the greatest barrier to “world communication” is not geography… it’s not money… it’s not even politics (the world is quickly moving to a one-world government!) The greatest barrier has always been and is LANGUAGE! So, take just a second to look up these verses to see what this Gospel, that seeks to present Christ to the world, is so intent on: 1:38, 41-42; 5:2; 9:7; 19:19-20. John wants every culture in the world to understand exactly what is being said, so they will BELIEVE Jesus Christ is God, and RECEIVE the life He offers.

3. The Peripheral Reason.

It is quite interesting to note what God reveals in scripture that are on the four corners of His throne. In Revelation 4:6-7, John writes, “And before the throne there was a sea of glass like unto crystal: and in the midst of the throne, and round about the throne, were four beasts full of eyes before and behind. And the first beast was like a LION, and the second beast like a CALF, and the third beast had a face as a MAN, and the fourth beast was like a flying EAGLE.” The connection of the four beasts of Revelation to the four Gospels seems more than apparent by the likeness of each beast to the content of each gospel, right down to the very order in which they are listed.

• 1^st Beast: Like a LION. As Matthew’s purpose was to reveal Christ as the King of the Jews, He is presented as the “Lion of the tribe of Judah” (Revelation 5:5).

• 2^nd Beast: Like a CALF. As Mark’s purpose was to reveal Christ as the Servant of the Lord, He is presented as the One who MINISTERS in service and sacrifice.

• 3^rd Beast: Like a MAN. As Luke’s purpose was to reveal Christ as the Son of Man, He is presented as the perfect Man.

• 4^th Beast: Like an EAGLE. As John’s purpose was to reveal Christ as the Son of God, He is presented as the Word who descended from heaven like an eagle and was made flesh.

In keeping your bearings in the Gospel of John, it is important to realize that this Gospel is centered around the passover feasts. John takes us through three passovers in this book, which ultimately culminate with the crucifixion.

1. John 1:1-2:13 is the beginning of Christ’s ministry up to the first passover recorded in John’s account.

2. John 2:14-5:1 takes us up to the second passover feast.

3. John 5:2-6:4 takes us up “nigh” (near) to the third passover to the actual record of Jesus eating the passover feast with His disciples in 13:1-2, and we move into the night before His crucifixion.

Why is everything built around the passover? Well, keep in mind the things we saw in yesterday’s comments from Luke 22… Jesus is none other than the fulfillment of the Passover Lamb! (1^st Corinthians 5:7) That’s why John the Baptist said what he said concerning Christ in today’s reading: “Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.” (1:29) The passover was the commemoration of the most significant event in Jewish history: God’s deliverance from the slavery and oppression in Egypt under Pharaoh, its wicked king. How were they delivered? Through the blood of a spotless lamb! In this Gospel, John takes us to the final passover, and the shedding of the blood of THE spotless LAMB of God! This one-time historical event has been delivering people from the slavery of this world (Egypt – Ephesians 2:2) and its wicked king (Satan – 2^nd Timothy 2:26) for nearly 2000 years!

Let us allow God to use each of us to declare what John the Baptist declared in 1:29 to the lost people in our world today!

OVERVIEW:

The wicked plot of the religious leaders to kill Jesus and to contract Judas (22:1-6); Jesus’ last Passover (22:7-13); the converting of the Passover meal into His own supper (22:14-38); prayer in the garden (22:39-46); Jesus’ arrest (22:47-54); Peter’s denial (22:55-62); Jesus is mocked, blasphemed, and beaten (22:63-71); Jesus before Pilate (23:1-7); Jesus before Herod (23:8-10); Jesus returned to Pilate (23:11-24); Pilate releases Jesus to His accusers to be crucified (23:25-49); Jesus’ burial (23:50-56); Jesus’ resurrection (24:1-12); the ministry of the risen Christ (24:13-45); Jesus’ commission (24:46-49); Jesus’ ascension (24:50-53).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

The ground we will cover in today’s reading is ground that we have walked through in both Matthew and Mark’s Gospel. Though we have already read it two times in as many weeks, may God use it to minister to our hearts with a fresh sense of wonder and appreciation today. This is the manifestation of God’s love for us (1^st John 4:9), and the revelation of the Gospel (1^st Corinthians 15:1-4). In other words, as far as salvation is concerned, this is the heart of the Bible!

Because we have become at least somewhat familiar with this information, our comments today will be centered in chapter 22:7-20, as the Lord establishes the observance of communion, or what we sometimes refer to as the Lord’s Supper. First of all, keep in mind that this is the PASSOVER meal that our Lord is eating with His disciples. (Luke 22:7, 15) To understand the meaning of the Lord’s Supper, then, we must have an understanding of the PASSOVER, because it is actually the BREAD and CUP of the Passover meal that our Lord turns into His OWN supper.

• A general understanding of the passover meal.

The Passover meal was a commemorative feast that reminded the JEWS of what God had done in DELIVERING them out of their bondage in EGYPT.

• The circumstances of the first passover (Exodus 12).

God’s people were being held in bondage in the dominant world power, EGYPT, and held captive by the will of its wicked king, PHARAOH. Day after day they labored as SLAVES under the domination of the taskmaster’s whip, as they trudged out their existence in EGYPT. God delivered them from Egypt by a series of plagues, the last of which was the curse of death upon the FIRSTBORN. The only way they could escape the death of the firstborn in their house was to kill a spotless lamb, and APPLY its BLOOD to the top beam and the two side posts of the door. When the angel of death passed through the city to execute judgment, he would “pass over” every house to which the blood of the lamb had been applied. God instituted the “passover” meal on that night, and commanded them to celebrate it each year so they would be continuously put in REMEMBRANCE of His delivering power that was manifest in bringing them out of the bondage of Egypt by the blood of the Lamb.

• The “big picture” of the passover.

We, too, were being held in bondage in the course of this WORLD (i.e. Egypt), and held captive by the will of its wicked king, SATAN. (Ephesians 2:2; 2^nd Timothy 2:26) Day after day, we labored as SLAVES under the domination of the taskmaster of SIN, as we trudged out our existence in the course of this WORLD. (Romans 6:14; Galatians 1:4) God delivered us from the curse of death upon our FIRST BIRTH, because we applied the BLOOD of the true “Passover Lamb,” the Lord Jesus Christ, to our lives. (1^st Corinthians 5:7) God instituted a meal that He has commanded us to observe so we will be continuously put in REMEMBRANCE of His delivering power that was manifest in bringing us out of the bondage of this world and sin through the BLOOD of the spotless lamb of God on the cross. (Luke 22:7-20; Matthew 26:17-28)

2. The biblical and historical understanding of the Lord’s Supper.

• The transformation of the bread and the cup of the passover.

• A new meaning of the bread.

“And he took bread, and gave thanks, and brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is given for you: this do in remembrance of me.” (Luke 22:19)

• A new meaning of the cup.

“Likewise also the cup after supper, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood, which is shed for you.” (Luke 22:20) In other words, “From now on, don’t go back to the picture; go back to the reality.”

• The meaning of “eating the bread” and “drinking the cup”.

• There are two basic things that a person needs to come to grips with in order to be saved…

#1– Who Christ is. (i.e. We must believe that Jesus is God in human flesh.)

#2– What Christ did. (i.e. We must believe that Jesus Christ shed His blood on the cross to atone for man’s sin.)

• Jesus’ metaphor of “eating the bread” and “drinking the cup” in John 6.

The religious leaders are appalled by Jesus’ claim to be God. Jesus is trying to get them to understand, that “If you never come to grips with who I am, and what I have come to do, you will never receive eternal life.”

• The connection of “eating the bread” and “drinking the cup” in the Lord’s Supper.

We are brought back to the very two things that saved us…

#1– That God opened our eyes to understand that Jesus Christ is, in fact, God in a human body.

#2– That we placed our faith in what Jesus Christ, as God, did through the shedding of His blood for the remission of our sin.

OVERVIEW:

Jesus as the Saviour Who seeks the lost (19:1-10); Jesus as the Master Who rewards the faithful (19:11-27); Jesus as the King Who offers peace (19:28-48); a question concerning John the Baptist (20:1-19); a question concerning Caesar (20:20-26); a question concerning Moses (20:27-40); a question concerning David (20:41-44); a warning concerning the Scribes (20:45- 47); a teaching concerning giving (21:1-4); the revealing of the first half of the Tribulation (21:5-19); the revealing of the middle of the Tribulation (21:20-24); the revealing of the last half of the Tribulation (21:25-28); the closing admonitions (21:29-36).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

As we move into chapter 19 in Luke’s Gospel, keep in mind that we are also moving into the last week of Jesus’ earthly life. He is getting closer and closer to Jerusalem where two groups of people passionately await His arrival. Some are passionately preparing to exalt a King, while others are passionately preparing to execute a fraud.

As Jesus comes into Jericho in chapter 19, Luke’s account centers around a man whose name is Zacchaeus. His name means, “righteous one.” Actually, he was anything but righteous! He was the top-dog tax-collector (“chief among the publicans” – 19:2) in Jericho, which in and of itself was bad enough. For a Jew to have sold out to the Romans to extract taxes from fellow-Jews was despicable in this culture. They were viewed as ruthless, heart-less, conniving, lying, traitors—and those would have been their good qualities!

Evidently, Zacchaeus had made quite a reputation for himself! (See 19:7) It seems apparent that Zacchaeus was a guy sporting a major “short-man complex”, and found he could be “taller”, not by beating up bigger guys, but by making them submit to him as he gouged them out of money through their taxes. But, oh the difference one day can make in a person’s life! Just like Zacchaeus, when I lifted my head up off my pillow to begin my day on September 24, 1972, I had no idea what would take place in my life by the time my head would hit the pillow again, but in that one day, I was turned:

• From darkness to light. (Colossians 1:13; Acts 16:18a)
• From the power of Satan to the power of God. (2^nd Timothy 2:26; Acts 26:18b)
• From guilt to forgiveness. (Acts 16:18c)
• From serving sin to serving righteousness. (Romans 6:17-18)
• From separation from God to a relationship with Him. (Ephesians 2:1; Galatians 4:5-7)
• From spiritual death to spiritual life. (Ephesians 2:1; Romans 8:2)

In this account in history, this was that one day that would forever change Zacchaeus’ life! He hears word that Jesus is coming to town, and desperately wants to lay his eyes on this One for whom there had been so much hype. He goes out to catch a glimpse, but because of his short stature, he can’t see Him. He decides to run ahead and climb a tree, so he can at least see Him, and much to his surprise, as Jesus passes under the tree, not only does He see him, and not only does He speak to him, but He invites Himself over to Zacchaeus’ house! Can you imagine? Zacchaeus was stoked! (19:6) He received Jesus into His home as a guest, and in just a matter of minutes, Jesus had become its Master! Zacchaeus acknowledged Christ’s lordship, and was saved! (19:9)

Do note, in verses 8 and 9, that Jesus wasn’t saying that Zacchaeus was saved because of his pledge to give to the poor and to make right the wrong he had done by gouging people of their money. His willingness to do those things was just the visible PROOF of his salvation. Anyone can talk a big talk about their salvation, but when God has a man’s finances, it’s usually a pretty good indicator that He has all of him (Matthew 6:21), and visa-versa. In this one afternoon, Jesus caused this “sinner” (19:9) to live up to his name (“righteous one”), as he became a true “son of Abraham” (19:9) by faith. (Romans 4:12; Galatians 3:7)

It might be interesting to note that in reality, like Zacchaeus, we all have a “short-man complex” that only Jesus can help us overcome: “For all have sinned, and come SHORT of the glory of God” (Romans 3:23). In our lost state we tried to make ourselves not appear to be so “short” through our religiousness, our good works, and our external righteousness, but it only made us “shorter.” (Romans 10:3; Isaiah 64:6) The good news about Zacchaeus, is that not only did everybody else know he was a sinner (19:7), but he knew it too, and was willing to deal with it! HE is the only one in the story who received “salvation!” (19:9) There is a strong possibility that the self-righteous, religious crowd who got so upset in verse 7, about Jesus hanging out with Zacchaeus, ultimately went to Hell. That scenario continues to repeat itself right up to this present hour.

A few other comments about today’s reading:

• 20:1-47 – Chapter 20 can be broken down by the four questions Jesus asks:
  • A question concerning John the Baptist. (20:1-19)
  • A question concerning Caesar. (20:20-26)
  • A question concerning Moses. (20:27-40)
  • A question concerning David. (20:41-44)
• 21:1-4 – Jesus isn’t impressed with the size of our gift, but the size of our sacrifice.
• 21:5-38 – The remainder of chapter 21 lines up with the things we covered in Matthew 24 and Mark 13.

OVERVIEW:

Jesus teaches about stewardship (16:1-13); Jesus teaches about covetousness (16:14-31); Jesus teaches about forgiveness (17:1-6); Jesus teaches about faithfulness (17:7-10); Jesus teaches about thankfulness (17:11-19); Jesus teaches about preparedness (17:20-37); a lesson to be learned from a persistent widow (18:1-8); a lesson to be learned from a proud Pharisee (18:9-17); a lesson to be learned from a deprioritized ruler (18:18-34); a lesson to be learned from a pressing beggar (18:35-43).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

There is a tremendous amount of action and pertinent information in today’s reading—certainly more than there is space in this venue to comment sufficiently. Our thoughts today will center around key subjects that are addressed in these chapters that have particular and significant application for believers living in these last days.

Subject #1 – STEWARDSHIP. (16:1-13) Though the circumstances were somewhat different for the steward mentioned in this passage, each of us are quickly moving toward the ultimate accounting of our stewardship at the Judgment Seat of Christ. (2^nd Corinthians 5:10; Romans 14:10, 12) Just as this steward in 16:2, we will “give an account of our stewardship.” The key determiner on that day will be the answer to the simple question, “What did we do with what He entrusted to us?” The New Testament is clear that we will give an account of our stewardship of:

• The LIFE of God. (Genesis 2:7; Romans 5:12; Colossians 1:26-27; 1^st John 5:11) We have been given the ability to LIVE RIGHTEOUSLY.
• The LOVE of God. (Romans 5:5; Mark 12:28-31; 1^st John 4:14-17, 19; 1^st Thessalonians 4:9) We have been given the ability to LOVE DIVINELY.
• The GOSPEL of God. (1^st Thessalonians 2:4; 1^st Timothy 1:11; 6:20) We have been given the ability to impact SOULS ETERNALLY.
• The GIFTS of God. (1^st Peter 4:10-11; 1^st Corinthians 3:10) We have been given the ability to be SERVE POWERFULLY.
• The RESOURCES of God. Money – Luke 16:11; Time – Ephesians 5:16; Colossians 4:5; Talents – Matthew 25:14-27; People – 2^nd Timothy 1:5; 3:15) We have been given the ability to manage RESOURCES WISELY.

Verse 11 of chapter 16 is a doozy. I am convinced that many Laodiceans never reach anybody with the gospel and are never truly able to minister effectively because God is unwilling to entrust to them what He truly treasures, simply because of their unfaithfulness to Him with money.

If verse 11 is a doozy, then verse 13 is a blockbuster for our generation of believers! We have convinced ourselves that this verse has been true for everybody but us, and that we somehow have the ability to love both God and money. What part of “CANNOT” do we not understand? When God looks at our lives, does He think we love Him and hate money, or does He think we hate Him and love money? Does He think we hold to Him and despise money, or hold money and despise Him? Many 21^st century Christians are attempting to love money and love God at the same time, but Jesus said it simply “CANNOT” be done!

Subject #2 – HELL. (16:19-31) It is clear that prior to Christ’s resurrection, believers who died were held in a place of paradise called Abraham’s bosom. It was obviously close to the place of punishment called Hell where all unbelievers were located, being separated by a great gulf, or gaping opening. (16:26) Notice that Hell is a real place, where real people go, and experience real suffering and torment. Notice that in Hell, the rich man had EYES and could SEE (16:23a); had a BODY and could FEEL (16:23b); had a TONGUE and experienced THIRST (16:24); had a MOUTH and could TALK (16:27); and evidently, had a MIND and could REASON (16:28).

The passage also teaches us that there are actually no unbelievers in Hell. Unbelief may have gotten them there, but as soon as they open their eyes in Hell, they become believers! Sadly, it is eternally too late. The passage also teaches that people in Hell have compassion for the lost (16:28). Would to God that believers would have the same passion and compassion for souls that this lost rich man had. Sometimes we think that if God would just do some miraculous thing, our lost family and friends would come to Christ. The passage teaches us that if they refuse to believe the Bible, they wouldn’t believe even if someone rose from the dead to speak to them. They already proved that by not believing in the resurrected Christ!

Subject #3 – FORGIVENESS. (17:1-6) In this passage the Lord teaches us about the importance of forgiveness. When someone offends us, immediately God’s grace kicks in to be more than sufficient to help us to bear it. (2^nd Corinthians 12:9; 1^st Corinthians 10:13) Hebrews 12:15 teaches us, however, that we can “fail the grace of God” (i.e. refuse to apply His grace). If we refuse to apply that grace, Hebrews 12:15 says that our unforgiving spirit will cause a “root of bitterness” to spring up in us and “trouble” us, and “defile many” people around us, even leading us into sexual sin! (Hebrews 12:16) Don’t ever underestimate the importance of forgiveness!

Subject #4 – THANKFULNESS. (17:11-19) As you read this story about these 10 lepers, recognize that, generally, believers in our day are characterized by “the nine” rather than the “one”. Jesus’ question is a good one in the Laodicean Age, “Where are the nine?” (17:17) A few cross references to keep in mind:

• 2^nd Timothy 3:2 says that being “unthankful” is as characteristic of believers in our day as being “lovers of our own selves!”
• Romans 1:21 reveals that being “unthankful” is one of the first steps toward a “reprobate mind”. (Romans 1:28) Hey, this is serious stuff!
• 1^st Thessalonians 5:18 teaches us that it is impossible to be in the perfect will of God and not be thankful! Again, very serious stuff!

Subject #5 – RIGHTEOUSNESS. (18:9-14) Any way you slice it, we who hold to the fundamentals of Bible-believing Christianity run the greatest risk of becoming the modern-day Pharisees. Have you become Pharisaical? Verse 9 of chapter 18 lets us know that there are two tell-tale signs:

1. Trusting in your own righteousness. (i.e. Trusting what you “do” FOR Christ, rather than who you “are” IN Christ)
2. Thinking you’re more spiritual than others.

What do you trust as the true source of your righteousness? Paul talked about those who are “ignorant of God’s righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God.” (Romans 10:3) God’s righteousness could never (on either side of salvation!) be ACHIEVED! It can only be RECEIVED! Paul cried out in Philippians 3:9 the desire to “be found in him, NOT HAVING MINE OWN RIGHTEOUSNESS, which is of the law (i.e. what I do for God), but that which is through the faith of Christ (i.e. what Christ does for me), the righteousness which is of God by faith.” What do you honestly think when you look at others? Do you secretly think that you are on a higher plane than they are because of what you do or do not do? It’s spooky, folks! We must be careful!

OVERVIEW:

Jesus provides pertinent answers to pertinent questions (13:1-35); Jesus addresses the guests in a Pharisee’s house on the Sabbath day (14:1- 35); Jesus gives three illustrations to reveal God’s heart for the lost (15:1-32).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

As we move into chapter 13 today, Jesus continues His journey toward Jerusalem (see 9:51: 13:22; 17:11; 18:31; 19:11, 28). As He makes His way, He is faced with four questions that provide a clean breakdown of the chapter. He is asked:

1) A POLITICAL question about JUSTICE. (13:1-9) Jesus knows that anything He says about Pilate will certainly make it to Jerusalem before He does! Verses 3 and 4 teach us not to assume that human tragedies are divine punishments.

2) A LEGAL question about the SABBATH. (13:10-21) It could only have been the pride and self-righteousness of the Pharisees that could cause them not to see that Jesus “loosing” this poor woman from Satan’s bond and her suffering on the sabbath (13:12), was no different from them “loosing” their ox or donkey from the stall to get water on the sabbath. (13:15) Pride and self-righteousness still cause that same blindness and that same hideous judgmental spirit today.

3) A THEOLOGICAL question about SALVATION. (13:22-30) Notice that Jesus turned the man’s general question, about how many would be saved, to a personal question about whether or not HE would be saved. It is amazing how many people to this day ask great, spiritual, theological questions that they have no intention of obeying or practicing, even if they receive the answer!

4) A PERSONAL question about DEATH. (13:31-35) Though there is not a specific question asked in these verses, Jesus’ response to the statement in verse 31 is as if asked a question about whether he was concerned about Herod’s desire to kill Him. Jesus responds by saying, in effect, that His life was on God’s timetable, not man’s. (See John 2:4; 7:30; 8:20; 13:1; 17:1)

Recognize today (and every day), that your life is on that same time schedule!

In chapter 14, Jesus is invited to come over to one of the chief Pharisee’s house for dinner after church, so to speak. Jesus quickly recognizes that He is intended to be the main entrée, so rather than be eaten alive, He takes command of the room, and faces all those in attendance with their own personal issues.

• In 14:1-6, He begins with the Pharisees, making them face their false spirituality, by healing someone on the sabbath.
• In 14:7-11, Jesus then faces the other guests with their self-promotion, by pointing out that they had all sought to position themselves in the room to make themselves appear important.
• In 14:12-14, Jesus faces the host with the fact that the people he had invited were invited to fulfill an obligation to them, or to impose a debt on them. It makes you wonder, where are the people who don’t have an ulterior motive behind their generosity? Even when we do something for nothing in return, the ulterior motive can be that we wanted to be viewed as someone who does things for nothing in return. Wow!
• In 14:15-24, Jesus is facing the Jews with the fact that they were about to miss the invitation of their Messiah, and that He would then turn to the Gentiles. Notice that the more things change, the more the things remain the same. People miss Jesus for the same exact reasons in the 21^st century that they did in the 1^st century. They miss Him because they are:

1. Relishing in their riches. (14:18)
2. Climbing in their career. (14:19)
3. Focused on their family. (14:20)

Jesus was never interested in self-seeking consumers, but self-denying disciples. As has been pointed out repeatedly throughout the 365 Days of Pursuit, in contrast to the consumer driven messages that are preached in the Laodicean Church Period, true, biblical, Spirit-anointed preaching is at least two-thirds negative! (See Jeremiah 1:10 and 2^nd Timothy 4:2.) Facing people’s issues, as Jesus has just done in chapters 13 and 14, wouldn’t fly too well today. If someone preached like that today, you might could expect to hear questions and comments like:

• “Why does our message need to be so negative?”
• “People don’t want to come to church and have to feel bad.”
• “I’m afraid to bring visitors to church because the strong preaching may push them away.”
• “I’m just not being fed.”
• “I’m looking for something that has a better ‘ministry’ to my kids.”

But the good news is, Jesus wasn’t all negative! In chapter 15 He pulls out three illustrations that reveal the heart of God for His lost creation. Jesus shows us that our Heavenly Father is like:

• A Tender Shepherd. (15:1-7)
• A Diligent Housewife. (15:8-10)
• A Longing Dad. (15:11-32)

He searches… and seeks… and longs… and sacrifices to see that which was lost returned to its rightful place. Praise the Lord, our rightful place is with Him!

OVERVIEW:

Jesus sends out “the 70” (10:1-24); Jesus teaches about who our neighbor is (10:25-37); Jesus teaches us the importance of worship (10:38-42); Jesus models the importance of prayer (11:1); Jesus provides a pattern for prayer (11:2-4); Jesus teaches about persistence in prayer (11:5-8); Jesus offers promises concerning prayer (11:9-13); Jesus teaches about the devil (11:14-28); Jesus’ illustrations concerning the crowds… Jonah (11:29-30, 32); Solomon (11:31); Light (11:33-36); Jesus teaches about the hypocrisy of the Pharisees (11:37-54); Jesus warns about hypocrisy (12:1-12); Jesus warns about covetousness (12:13-21); Jesus warns about worrying (12:22-34); Jesus warns about carelessness (12:35-53); Jesus warns about lack of discernment and lack of diligence in spiritual matters (12:54-59).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

As we continue to make our way through the Gospel of Luke, note the fact that there is a phrase that appears more times in this book than any other book in the New Testament. That phrase is “the kingdom of God”.

As we came through Matthew’s Gospel, we talked quite a bit about the distinction between the two phrases, the “kingdom of heaven” and the “kingdom of God”. It is interesting that the phrase the “kingdom of heaven” is found 33 times in 32 verses in Matthew, and the phrase the “kingdom of God” is found 33 times in 32 verses in Luke! Do you remember the difference between these two kingdoms?

The “kingdom of heaven” is the kingdom promised to the Jews all through the Old Testament, and is sometimes referred to as the “kingdom of Israel.” (Acts 1:6; Hosea 1:4) It is a literal, physical, earthly, governmental, messianic, Davidic kingdom over which Jesus rules as King from His throne in Jerusalem.

The “kingdom of God”, on the other hand, is a spiritual kingdom that cannot be seen or touched; where Jesus rules as King on the throne of men’s hearts by way of a spiritual birth (Luke 17:20-21; Romans 14:17; 1^st Corinthians 4:20; 15:50; John 3:3). Keep in mind, as you’re reading this Gospel, that the reason Luke emphasizes the “kingdom of God” is because God’s goal through him in this Gospel is to present the Lord Jesus Christ as the Son of man who came “to seek and to save that which was lost.” (Luke 19:10)

It is interesting to note that the Jews of Jesus’ day were totally preoccupied with the “kingdom of heaven”, and therefore, were totally oblivious to their need to be born into the “kingdom of God”. It made them blind, selfish, and self-serving. Just as interesting is the fact that the Christians of our day are totally preoccupied with the “kingdom of God”, and therefore, are totally oblivious to the “kingdom of heaven”. It, likewise, makes us blind, selfish and self-serving. (Revelation 3:14-22; 2^nd Timothy 3:1-2) It causes us to claim the promise of eternal life, while we go about our lives seeking to build our own literal, physical kingdom on the earth! God’s intention, however, is, now that we have been born into His spiritual kingdom, that we “seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God,” and that we “set [our] affection on things above, not on things on the earth.” (Colossians 3:1-2) God wants the literal, physical kingdom in which our Lord Jesus Christ will finally receive the “glory due unto his name” (1^st Chronicles 16:29; Psalm 29:2; 96:8), to so be in our hearts, that it even causes us to continuously pray for it to come! (Matthew 6:10)

As you can see, keeping these two kingdoms straight not only has key DOCTRINAL implications, but key PRACTICAL implications as well. Perhaps it’s because of this emphasis in Luke’s Gospel that he is the only Gospel writer that includes the sending out of the 70 found in today’s reading (10:1-24). Why 70, and not 7, 17, or 67? Just as “the 12” apostles are associated with the 12 sons of Jacob, it appears that “the 70” must also have some significant association. Though it is more difficult an association to determine, than with “the 12”, it seems apparent that “the 70” are associated with the 70 nations found in Genesis 10. Because Luke focuses on the universality of the “kingdom of God” to all peoples and all nations, it is very fitting that his Gospel would include “the 70” being sent to spread the message to all nations.

Other little “tid-bits” to glean along the way in today’s reading:

10:1-42 – Notice in this chapter the three places that are described, and the three things we are to do in each:

• The Harvest Field (10:1-24): We Are to REPRESENT Him.
• The Highway (10:25-37): We Are to MODEL Him.
• The Home (10:38-42): We Are to WORSHIP Him.

10:23-24 – I hope this is the way you feel about the things the Lord has graciously allowed you to see in His word and for allowing you to be a part of in His kingdom.

11:1 – It is interesting that the disciples heard Jesus preach the greatest sermons that have ever been preached, but they never said, “Lord, teach us to preach.” They saw Him perform the most incredible miracles that have ever been performed, but they never said, “Lord, teach us to do miracles.” But they heard Him pray, and couldn’t help but say, “Lord, teach us to pray.” What a connection with the Father Jesus must have had when He prayed! What an intimacy with His Father they must have witnessed. Oh, may we learn what it really is to pray!

11:24-26 – The application of these verses to us is to constantly realize that it is not enough that we simply be set apart FROM the world, but that we be set apart UNTO God! (John 17:11-17) It is not enough that we simply put OFF the OLD man, but that we put ON the NEW man! (Ephesians 4:22-24; Colossians 3:8-14) It is not enough that we simply no longer SERVE SIN, but that we SERVE RIGHTEOUSNESS! (Romans 6:17-18)

OVERVIEW:

Jesus’ response to the faith of the centurion (7:1-10); Jesus’ response to the sorrow of the widow (7:11-17); Jesus’ response to the doubt of John the Baptist (7:18-35); Jesus’ response to the love of a woman with a sordid past (7:36-50); Jesus teaches His disciples about receiving God’s word (8:1-21); Jesus tests His disciples concerning applying God’s word (8:22-56); Jesus sends out His 12 disciples (9:1-11); Jesus feeds the 5000 (9:12-17); Jesus teaches His disciples about His person, His sacrifice, and His kingdom (9:18-36); Jesus endures His disciples’ lack of power, love, and surrender (9:37-62).

HIGHLIGHTS AND INSIGHTS:

As has been mentioned several times since beginning the Gospels, because they are the record of actual events, for the most part, they are easily understood. Though each event is power-packed and full of practical application, the nature of the 365 Days of Pursuit does not lend itself to commenting in every place the passage is screaming for it. Make as much practical application as you possibly can as you make your way through today’s reading, but let’s do something a little different today. Let’s focus our attention on one passage—the account of “The Pharisee and the Prostitute” in Luke 7:36-50. It provides some incredible lessons in contrast between religious leaders and common, sinful people.

Lesson #1 – The Pharisee was willing to interrupt his SCHEDULE to have JESUS in his PRESENCE. The Prostitute was willing for the PRESENCE of JESUS to interrupt her LIFE! (7:36)

Personal Examination: Do I want Jesus in MY presence? Or, do I want JESUS’ presence in me? Do I want to have HIM? Or, do I want Him to have ME?

Lesson #2 – The Pharisee wanted Jesus in HIS presence but was seeking to SAVE face. The Prostitute wanted the presence of Jesus in HER and was seeking HIS face. (7:36-38, 44-46)

Personal Examination: What am I seeking to HOLD on to, while I’m telling Jesus I want His PRESENCE in me? Do I want as much of the presence of Jesus in me as I can HAVE or, do I want as much of the presence of Jesus in me as I can HAVE and not lose my IDENTITY?

Lesson #3 – Jesus heard what the Pharisee was saying in HIS heart. Jesus also heard what the Prostitute was saying in HER heart. (7:39, 44-47)

Personal Examination: What does Jesus HEAR when He listens to MY heart? Would Jesus HEAR my worship if it weren’t expressed with WORDS?

Lesson #4 – The Prostitute was 10 times the sinner the Pharisee was, however, our sinfulness is not determined by the amount of sin-debt we incur, but by the amount we must pay on the debt. (7:40-42) Note: We all had absolutely NOTHING to pay on our debt!

Personal Examination: Do I really understand my SINFULNESS before God? Do I fully comprehend the significance of the fact that regardless of the amount of my sin, I had “nothing to pay” on the debt?

Lesson #5 – The Pharisee’s blindness to his own sinfulness DIMINISHED his capacity to love Jesus. The Prostitute’s overwhelming awareness of her own sinfulness ENLARGED her capacity to love Jesus. (7:40-43, 47) Note: How you view your own sinfulness affects your ability to love Jesus!

Personal Examination: Do I fully comprehend the significance of my own sin when I view the price Jesus paid for sin through His death on the cross?

Lesson #6 – The Pharisee was so BLIND to his own sin it OPENED his eyes to the Prostitute’s sinfulness. The Prostitute’s eyes were so OPEN to her own sinfulness, she was BLINDED to everyone else’s. (7:36-39) Note: How you view your own sinfulness affects your ability to see!

Personal Examination: Has pride BLINDED my eyes to my OWN sin, and OPENED my eyes to the sin of OTHERS?

Lesson #7 – The Pharisee’s “worship” in the presence of Christ was based on his OWN WORTHINESS. The Prostitute’s worship in presence of Christ was based on CHRIST’S WORTHINESS. (7:40-50)

Note Jesus’ explanation of the Pharisee’s “worship”:

1. You didn’t THINK enough of Me to even provide water to wash my feet.
2. You weren’t EXCITED enough about receiving Me into your presence to even provide an affectionate greeting.
3. You weren’t CONSIDERATE enough of Me to go out of your way to provide for My head to be anointed with oil.

Note the demonstration of the Prostitute’s worship:

1. She broke open the box of her most prized treasure to release the fragrance of true worship.
2. She expressed a broken and contrite heart through her tears used to wash Jesus’ feet.
3. She dismantled HER glory (her hair—1^st Corinthians 11:15) to give HIM glory.
4. She overflowed in her affection and exaltation of Christ by ceaselessly kissing His feet.

Personal Examination: What is the “box” of my most prized treasure that Jesus is waiting for me to break open to release the fragrance of my true worship? Has my heart become calloused and cold, unable to be broken into tears to wash Jesus’ feet? Have I become so consumed with my ego and self-glory that I’m unwilling to dismantle it for His glory? Is my affection and exaltation of Christ apparent by my humility toward Him? (i.e. kissing His feet) Will I be a box-breaking, oil-pouring, tear-washing, glory-sacrificing, foot-kissing, face-seeking worshipper of the Lord Jesus Christ today?

OVERVIEW:

The testimony of Satan concerning Christ as the Son of God (4:1-13); the testimony of the Scriptures (4:14-32); the testimony of demons (4:33-44); Jesus is the difference between failure and success (5:1-11); Jesus is the difference between guilt and forgiveness (5:17-26); Jesus is the difference between the old and the new (5:27-39); a new kind of sabbath (6:11); a new kind of nation (6:12-19); a new kind of blessedness (6:20-49).

HIGHLIGHTS & INSIGHTS:

If you were to be asked who it was that God used to provide the most content in the New Testament, that would be a no-brainer, right? The OBVIOUS answer is Paul. But though Paul is the obvious answer, the only problem is, he just doesn’t happen to be the RIGHT one! That’s right! Though Paul was used of God to write more BOOKS of the New Testament than any other writer, it is actually Luke who is the one God used to provide the most actual content. (Note: This is based on the amount of words and verses written by Luke in Luke and Acts, compared with the words and verses in the 13 books known to be authored by Paul. A great case could be made that Paul may have authored the book of Hebrews during his 40 days and 40 nights in Arabia, but it would be impossible to be dogmatic about it since the Holy Spirit did not inspire its human author to include his name.)

In yesterday’s comments we spent most of our time providing information to help us keep our bearings as we move through the Gospel of Luke. But who is this “Luke” anyway? Colossians 4:14 refers to him as “the beloved physician”. It should be noted, that God’s choice of words concerning him is very specific. It is NOT, “Luke, the beloved DOCTOR”, but “Luke, the beloved PHYSICIAN”. Why make such a “to-do” about such a seemingly insignificant observation? Well, above everything else, because “every word of God is pure” (Proverbs 30:5) God chooses His words very carefully. There are no indiscriminate or random words in the entire Bible. He specifically calls Luke a “physician” because He wants to make a distinction between his occupation, and the occupation of the “doctors” of his day.

When God refers to “doctors” in the Bible, (Luke 2:46; 5:17; Acts 5:34), they were actually theologians who were so engulfed in head knowledge about God, that they actually missed God when He was right in front of them! It is amazing how many people know all kinds of things about God and the Bible, but in the midst of all of their knowledge, never really get to know HIM! Perhaps the reason for such a strange divergence is that the Bible is not an end in itself – it is a means to an end. The end, however, is not to get to know the BIBLE, but to get to know GOD! Why do we read the Owner’s Manual in the glove box of our cars? To get to know the manual, or to get to know the car? Obviously, the car! In that same way, God provided us with His “Owner’s Manual” (the Bible), for the purpose of getting to know HIM!

It is also interesting to note that there are only two physicians who are actually mentioned in the entire Bible. Luke is obviously one of them, and our Lord Jesus Christ is the other. Though they both possessed the ability to heal physically (Jesus through miracles, and Luke through medicine), both were more concerned about the spiritual healing needed in men’s souls, than the healing needed in men’s bodies! Jesus is, in fact, both the Physician and the Cure Himself! Luke, the beloved physician, pointed men to the Great Physician and His glorious cure.

As we have provided for both Matthew and Mark’s Gospel, the following is a basic summary of the Gospel of Luke:

1. Information About the Author:

• His name: Luke

• His name means “Light-giving”

• He was a Physician. (Colossians 4:14)

• He wrote this Gospel to Theophilus. (Luke 1:3)

• He also wrote the book of Acts. (Acts 1:1)

• He joins the 2^nd missionary team in Troas. (Acts 16:1-10)

• He stays behind in Philippi. (Acts 17:1)

• He rejoins the missionary team on their 3^rd journey. (Acts 20:1-6)

• He journeys with Paul to Rome. (Acts 27:12)

• He is also referred to in scripture as Lucas. (Philemon 1:23-24)

2. Facts About This Gospel:

• Approximate date of writing: 60 A.D.

• Written from Philippi

• Dates of the recorded events: 6 B.C. – 33 A.D.

• Theme: Christ as the ideal man

• Christ is seen in this Gospel as the Son of man

• Key verse: Luke 19:10

• Key word: Man (131 times)

• Chapters: 24; Verses: 1,151; Words: 19,482

3. Features of This Gospel:

• Luke is the only Gospel that records the parable of the Good Samaritan.

• Luke is the only Gospel that records the cleansing of the 10 Lepers.

• This Gospel contains 9 fulfilled prophecies.

4. A Simple Outline of This Gospel:

Period #1 – A time of Preparation. (Chapters 1-3)

Period #2 – A time of Identification. (Chapters 4-8)

Period #3 – A time of Instruction. (Chapters 9-18)

Period #4 – A time of Culmination. (Chapters 19-24)